(;GM[1]FF[4]CA[UTF-8]AP[CGoban:3]ST[2]
RU[Japanese]SZ[19]KM[7.50]
PW[Melchior Chui]PB[Aidan Putman]C[This game was played between Aidan Putnam (Swindon) and Melchior Chui
(Cambridge Chess and Go) in the first round of the British Youth Championships, held
at King Edward VI (Aston) School, Birmingham, on 27 th March 2013. Melchior went
on to share the Under 16 Championship with his fellow Cambridge Chess and Go Club
member, Peran Truscott.]MULTIGOGM[1]
;B[dd]
;W[pp]
;B[dp]
;W[qd]LB[pc:B][od:C][pd:A]C[A little unusual for White (it's a common opening as Black); White could consider playing A or B instead.  Black is likely to approach at C now, as it will work well with his 4-4 stone at D16, and stops White making a shimari.]
(;B[gc]
;W[pj]
;B[dj]C[This is a big move for Black.]
(;W[cn]C[White should approach from the more open side: it's less cramped, and there's more potential for development. (See variation)]
(;B[fp]LB[gc:5][dd:1][qd:4][dj:7][pj:6][cn:8][dp:3][fp:9][pp:2]C[This is a quiet response from Black; it would be more severe to play C5 first and then play F4.]
(;W[en]C[This seems a bit strange to me: White can slide to B4, or could just take the corner by playing 3-3.]
(;B[iq]C[This takes quite a few points, but I would be tempted to close off the corner instead.]
;W[kq]C[I think there are more urgent moves for White.  If White wants to limit Black's potential here and make territory, then O3 is a possibility.]
(;B[dg]LB[nc:B][np:A]C[It seems no one wants to play near R16! : )  But a move around here is big for both players.  D13 is fairly big, but an approach move is a lot bigger.  White could now think about A or B, as well as settling his C6 stones.  

One potential problem with D13 is that it still doesn't secure the corner for Black (3-3 is still open).]
;W[ck]C[This feels a bit cramped to me; it solidifies Black too.  Since the lower-left corner is open, White could make his stones safer without giving Black C10.  That said, it begins to settle White's stones.]
;B[cj]
;W[dk]
;B[cp]C[This is a big move, and it pressures White's group a little (though it does offer White a hane at E10 later).]
;W[cc]C[A good idea]
;B[cd]
;W[dc]
;B[ec]
;W[eb]
;B[fb]
(;W[da]C[White should cut here, as it will leave aji in Black's wall.  White will also get a bigger corner area.]
;B[bc]
;W[bb]
;B[bd]
;W[ab]
(;B[nc]C[A good move.  Black could think about a 1-space approach instead: if White pincers, then he's jumping into an area where Black is thick, and can attack him.]
;W[oc]
;B[kc]TR[nd]C[This is too passive, and probably too focussed on territory.  Black should use his strength in this area.  It would be more positive for Black to extend at O16 -- that would make Black's potential area larger, but also pressure White.  White can hane now.]
;W[jp]LB[nd:A]C[A move at A would attack Black and threaten to make a white moyo on the right.  If two stones are touching like at O17, both players should want to continue there.]
;B[nq]
;W[oq]
;B[nr]
(;W[or]C[Black is in danger: it's hard to live locally, or connect under, as White is very strong at L3.  Instead of this, White should take the chance to enclose Black with a hane at O4 - see variation: even if Black lives, White can make a great moyo on top.]
;B[mp]
;W[ko]
;B[mn]
;W[on]C[White is developing well on the right side; it's not territory yet, though.]
;B[ln]
(;W[kn]C[This is pushing from behind, so it doesn't pressure Black too much.]
;B[ll]
;W[kl]
;B[km]
;W[jm]
;B[lm]
;W[jl]
;B[mj]
;W[nb]LB[da:24][ab:28][bb:26][eb:22][fb:23][nb:50][bc:25][cc:18][dc:20][ec:21][gc:5][kc:31][nc:29][oc:30][bd:27][cd:19][dd:1][qd:4][dg:13][cj:15][dj:7][mj:49][pj:6][ck:14][dk:16][jl:48][kl:44][ll:43][jm:46][km:45][lm:47][cn:8][en:10][kn:42][ln:41][mn:39][on:40][ko:38][cp:17][dp:3][fp:9][jp:32][mp:37][pp:2][iq:11][kq:12][nq:33][oq:34][nr:35][or:36]
;B[mb]
;W[mc]
;B[lb]
;W[nd]
;B[pl]C[Good: this is a nice moment to invade, using Black's thickness for support.]
;W[ol]
;B[ok]
;W[pk]
;B[qm]
;W[pm]
;B[ql]
;W[qn]
;B[rj]
;W[oj]C[This move isn't urgent for White]
;B[qi]
;W[qk]C[This is a thank-you move: Black is forced to connect, but he wants to anyway.]
;B[rk]
(;W[nk]
;B[rn]
;W[ro]
;B[qo]
;W[pn]
(;B[rp]TR[rm]C[This is a dangerous play for Black: there's a double atari, so White can split him.]
(;W[qp]
;B[so]
;W[rq]
;B[lk]
;W[kk]C[Slow move]
;B[kj]
;W[qg]
;B[rh]
;W[rg]
;B[pi]
;W[jj]LB[dk:A][jm:B]C[Good: this is where Black would like to build a centre moyo, so this move is very big (plus it's good shape).  White's two groups (A and B) were also a little weak, so this forcing sequence strengthens them somewhat.]
;B[oh]C[This move seem small; White's atari will be painful for Black.]
;W[ki]
;B[mi]
;W[og]
;B[nh]
;W[lj]C[White should keep this move in reserve; there's no need to play it now.  Also, White is now enclosed and so should double-check whether the Q4 group is alive yet.]
;B[mk]C[This move also damages White's eyeshape below.]
;W[gg]C[This is quite a key move for White, reducing Black's moyo.]
;B[fj]
;W[fk]
;B[gn]
;W[gm]
;B[fn]
;W[fm]LB[da:24][ab:28][bb:26][eb:22][fb:23][lb:53][mb:51][nb:50][bc:25][cc:18][dc:20][ec:21][gc:5][kc:31][mc:52][nc:29][oc:30][bd:27][cd:19][dd:1][nd:54][qd:4][dg:13][gg:92][og:88][qg:80][rg:82][nh:89][oh:85][rh:81][ki:86][mi:87][pi:83][qi:65][cj:15][dj:7][fj:93][jj:84][kj:79][lj:90][mj:49][oj:64][pj:6][rj:63][ck:14][dk:16][fk:94][kk:78][lk:77][mk:91][nk:68][ok:57][pk:58][qk:66][rk:67][jl:48][kl:44][ll:43][ol:56][pl:55][ql:61][fm:98][gm:96][jm:46][km:45][lm:47][pm:60][qm:59][cn:8][en:10][fn:97][gn:95][kn:42][ln:41][mn:39][on:40][pn:72][qn:62][rn:69][ko:38][qo:71][ro:70][so:75][cp:17][dp:3][fp:9][jp:32][mp:37][pp:2][qp:74][rp:73][iq:11][kq:12][nq:33][oq:34][rq:76][nr:35][or:36]C[The black 95 - white 98 exchange has helped White more than Black.]
;B[id]
;W[ej]
;B[ei]
;W[ek]
;B[fi]
;W[gj]C[White is forcing Black to get stronger above, weakening White's stone at G13.  White is probably worried about being cut, but he's safe anyway.]
;B[gi]
;W[hj]
;B[ih]C[Now White is in trouble: this is a big area.  If Black can take G13 on a large scale, he should win on points.]
;W[hh]
;B[hi]
;W[ig]
(;B[jh]C[I think this move is too soft on White (see variation).]
;W[jg]
;B[kg]
;W[kh]
;B[ii]
;W[kf]
;B[lg]
;W[je]
;B[le]
;W[lf]
;B[mf]
;W[mg]
;B[lh]
;W[me]
;B[nf]
;W[ld]
;B[kd]
;W[ke]
;B[ng]LB[bo:B][sq:A]
(;W[of]LB[nm:C][sq:A][rr:B]C[White has successfully connected in sente, and should look for any urgent moves (possibly at T3), and big moves in sente (e.g. B5). As White, I would be worried about Black A or B, especially given the weak point at C (White is OK, but it's not easy to read that far ahead).  A protective move at A is fairly big for White anyway.]
(;B[ne]
;W[oe]C[This is quite big, but this sequence gives sente to Black]
;B[jr]C[A big move; Black is slightly ahead.  (It does, however, remove the ko sequence/connection threat shown earlier).]
;W[kr]
;B[sq]
;W[rr]
;B[sr]LB[ol:A][qp:B]C[A very powerful move: White has to be careful in order to save both A and B.]
;W[pr]
(;B[bo]C[This move is double sente: it is very big.]
;W[bn]
;B[bk]
;W[bl]
;B[bj]
(;W[cm]TR[hn]C[White could hane instead.]
;B[ho]LB[sg:A]C[Quite big but A is bigger, and is sente, so Black could have had both anyway.]
;W[eo]
;B[ep]
;W[ip]
;B[hp]
;W[jq]LB[kd:127][ld:126][je:118][ke:128][le:119][me:124][ne:131][oe:132][kf:116][lf:120][mf:121][nf:125][of:130][ig:110][jg:112][kg:113][lg:117][mg:122][ng:129][hh:108][ih:107][jh:111][kh:114][lh:123][ei:101][fi:103][gi:105][hi:109][ii:115][bj:143][gj:104][hj:106][bk:141][ek:102][bl:142][cm:144][bn:140][bo:139][eo:146][ho:145][ep:147][hp:149][ip:148][jq:150][sq:135][jr:133][kr:134][pr:138][rr:136][sr:137]
(;B[hr]C[Black doesn't need to worry about making eye shapes by this point, so he should just play J2 (then White doesn't get to atari at K1).]
;W[fo]
;B[go]
;W[hm]
;B[in]
;W[jn]
;B[im]
;W[il]
;B[sg]
;W[sf]
;B[sh]
;W[re]
;B[ff]
;W[jd]
;B[jc]
;W[ie]
;B[hd]
;W[ge]
;B[he]
;W[gf]
;B[hf]
;W[hg]
;B[if]
;W[jf]
;B[fe]
;W[fg]
;B[eg]
;W[gd]
;B[fd]
;W[io]
;B[hn]
;W[no]
;B[lp]
;W[mo]
;B[lo]
;W[np]C[White is alive in sente]
;B[lq]
;W[rs]C[Quite big but gote.]
;B[lc]
;W[md]
;B[li]
;W[kj]
;B[nl]
;W[po]C[Black is very thin; he should answer -- especially as he is around 20 points ahead.]
;B[nm]
;W[om]
;B[nj]LB[ro:A]C[This is just a ko threat; Black needs to protect at A.]
;W[ok]
;B[fa]
(;W[ca]C[A mistake]
;B[db]
;W[ro]
(;B[sp]C[Black is very short of liberties here.]
(;W[ss]
;B[qo]
;W[cb]
;B[ea]
;W[ro]
;B[qc]C[Black should cut his losses and just connect what he can below.]
;W[rm]
;B[rl]
;W[sn]C[With the capture of A18, Black is still over 20 points ahead.]
;B[rc]
;W[pb]
;B[qb]
;W[pc]
;B[rd]
;W[sb]
;B[ij]
;W[ik]
;B[lr]
;W[ks]
;B[js]
;W[ls]
;B[ms]
;W[kp]
;B[qh]
;W[pg]
;B[fh]
;W[oi]
;B[ph]
;W[co]
;B[ao]
;W[an]
;B[bp]
;W[os]
;B[do]
;W[dn]
;B[ns]
;W[ma]
;B[la]
;W[na]
;B[sl]
;W[ic]
;B[hc]
;W[ib]C[This shouldn't work.  If you're searching for the best way to defend, look for shapes that might make eyes.]
(;B[ia]
;W[jb]
;B[hb]
;W[kb]C[A small disaster for Black, but with the advantage of sente.  The game is now very close.]
;B[sm]
(;W[rn]C[Instead of playing here, see the variation.]
;B[al]C[This way Black is ahead.]
;W[am]
;B[ak]
;W[ka]
;B[ji]
;W[gh]
(;B[di]C[Black does not need to defend here -- and he will win if he doesn't.]
;W[ja]
;B[ha]
;W[ni]
;B[qj]
;W[nn]C[White wins by 0.5 points.

Black was leading for much of the game: the opening was favourable for Black, and the late middle game eventually consolidated this lead when White gave up sente and Black grabbed a lot of the big, early yose moves. White, sensing he was behind, tested Black and was ultimately able to profit enough to win.

Both players played very thoughfully, and there is a lot of attention to shape: there are points where both players spend moves making sure they are connected, or gaining thickness, which is great.  This kind of move usually pays off.

Some general pointers:

*Play the large open spaces in the beginning, as they're usually worth the most.  Approach moves should be snapped up early on.

*Similarly, don't jump into cramped spaces too early on; be wary of becoming surrounded and giving too much thickness in exchange.

*Look for (more) opportunities to use your thickness: you can play more aggressively if you have strong support nearby.

*Remember to keep a rough count (if possible), at various points throughout the game: if you're far ahead, it's better to give up a few points and salvage enough to win, rather than risk more when you don't need to.

*Never give up around the late middle game, even if you're behind: the game can swing either way depending on who keeps sente and grabs the double-sente moves.

*In late/small yose, look for chances to vary the order of moves: if you have a bigger move than what your opponent is threatening, play it.])
(;B[qj]
;W[di]
;B[eh]
(;W[ci]
;B[bi]
;W[ch]
;B[bh]
;W[cg]
;B[cf]
;W[bg]
;B[bf]
;W[ah]
;B[dh])
(;W[ch]
;B[ci]
;W[dh]
;B[bh])))
(;W[ak]C[White should play here, and Black needs to respond.]
(;B[aj]
;W[al]
;B[rn]C[White will win this ko]
;W[hq]
;B[gq]
;W[rm]
;B[qj]C[(Black does not have enough ko threats)]
;W[rn]C[White wins by 0.5])
(;B[rn]
;W[aj]LB[ai:A]C[Black has to answer at A.]
;B[ai]
;W[al]
;B[ci]
;W[rm]
;B[qj]C[(Black does not have enough ko threats)]
;W[rn]C[White wins by 2.5 points])))
(;B[jb]C[Black must turn here.]
;W[ia]
;B[hb]
;W[ja]
;B[ha]C[Black wins the semeai.]))
(;W[rm]
;B[sm]
;W[sn]))
(;B[rm]
;W[sp]C[Even if Black compromises and just connects, W will have to fight a ko for the T3 stones.]))
(;W[db]C[Now White lives.]))
(;B[ir]))
(;W[hn]
;B[ho]
;W[hp]C[This clamp could be useful here.]))
(;B[nm]C[Black still has this move, though it is basically a trick now (White must find the correct kikashi to defend)]
(;W[om]LB[no:C][qq:A][os:B]C[White should connect here first, but must find the kikashi at C afterwards, or it all dies.  Black can try A or B.]
(;B[os]
;W[qq]
;B[qs]
;W[ps]
;B[rs]
;W[qr]
;B[ro]
;W[ss]
;B[rs]LB[no:A]C[White needs to play A here.]
(;W[np]
;B[no]
;W[op]
;B[mq])
(;W[no]C[Kikashi]
;B[mo]
;W[np]
;B[mq]
;W[po]))
(;B[qq]
;W[qr]
;B[os]
(;W[np]
;B[no]
;W[op]
;B[mq]
;W[ps]
;B[rs])
(;W[no]C[Kikashi]
;B[mo]
;W[np]
;B[mq]
;W[po])))
(;W[no]TR[oj][pj][nk][pk][qk][ol][mp][nq][nr]C[this kikashi threatens to cut Black, and also creates a second eye for White.  ]
;B[mo]
;W[om]
;B[qq]
;W[qr]
;B[os]
;W[np]
;B[mq]
;W[po]
;B[ro])))
(;B[rr]LB[sq:A][qr:B]TR[oj][pj][nk][pk][qk][ol]C[White can defend and live at A (if White B, White has to give up the marked stones).  Both A and B can lead to a ko on the bottom edge.]
(;W[sq]
;B[qr]
;W[qq]
;B[nm]
;W[no]LB[om:B][mo:A]C[A --> White lives, black connects to N4
B --> Ko for N4]
(;B[mo]
;W[om]
;B[pr]
;W[os]
;B[np]
;W[po]
;B[ro]
;W[op]
;B[nn]C[White is still alive.])
(;B[om]
;W[mo]
;B[lo]
;W[lp]
;B[lq]
;W[kp]
;B[np]
;W[op]
;B[kr]
;W[lr]
;B[mr]C[Ko]))
(;W[qr]
;B[sq]
;W[qq]
;B[nm]
(;W[no]LB[om:B][mo:A]TR[mp][iq][nq][nr]C[Black can play at A (safe, then possible ko later), or B (ko to connect underneath)]
(;B[mo]
;W[om]LB[np:B][sr:A]
;B[np]
;W[po]LB[ro:B][sr:A]C[Black can either force White into a ko for life (Black A), or allow White to live in gote (Black B).]
(;B[ro]
;W[sr]C[White lives, in gote]
;B[ss]
;W[qs]LB[rm:A]TR[rr][ss]C[(Black can connect at A, later)]
;B[sr]TR[rm][sq][rr][sr][ss]C[Black can't connect here as he won't have time to connect to the stones above.])
(;B[sr]
;W[ro]C[Ko]))
(;B[om]
;W[mo]
;B[lo]
;W[lp]
;B[np]
;W[op]
;B[lq]
;W[kp]
;B[kr]LB[jr:B][lr:A]C[White has 2 ways to start a ko here]
(;W[lr]
;B[mr]
;W[mq]C[Ko])
(;W[jr]
;B[mr]
;W[ks]
;B[ls]
;W[lr]C[Ko])))
(;W[om]C[White will die now.]
;B[no]
;W[sr]
;B[ss]
;W[qs]
;B[sp]
;W[rs]
;B[sr]C[White has only 1 eye]))))
(;W[bo]
;B[bp]
;W[ap]
;B[aq]
;W[ao]
;B[br]
;W[bj]
;B[bi]
;W[bk]
;B[ch]
;W[ns]
;B[ms]
;W[os]
;B[lr]C[If Whtie took all these sente moves, the game would be close again.]))
(;B[jg]SQ[gc][kc][id][dg][ei][fi][gi]C[Black is really thick in this area, so should double hane and try to kill White.  White is in too deep.]
;W[jh]
;B[ii]
;W[jf]
;B[kg]
;W[if]
;B[kf]C[I don't see a way out for White here.  This would be enough to win the game.]))
(;W[rm]
;B[so]
;W[rl]C[Now Black has two weak groups; this is a good result for White.]))
(;B[rm]C[Black should defend here.]
;W[rp]))
(;W[rn]C[White can always play here first, as it's sente and threatens to connect all his stones.]))
(;W[jm]C[This could be one way]))
(;W[np]C[White should be happy to get this shape.  Black is in trouble.]
;B[or]
;W[pr]
;B[mp]
(;W[mo]
;B[lq]
;W[lp]
;B[mq]
;W[kp]
;B[kr]
;W[jr]
;B[ls]
;W[jq]
;B[mr]C[Even if Black lived like this, White is really thick outside, and has a forcing move at K1; this means that Black can't hope to get much territory in the bottom left any more.])
(;W[no]C[Instead of enclosing, White could chase Black out, and threaten to make a lot of territory on the right side.  This could depend on what sort of game you want; often, just enclosing is good enough.])))
(;B[od]C[Perhaps here instead.]))
(;W[ed]
;B[fc]
;W[bd]
;B[be]
;W[bc]
;B[cf]
;W[db]C[White would be quite happy to take a decent-sized corner like this, and Black is now overconcentrated on the left side.  E16 also has aji, which could be a pain for Black later.  This invasion shows why Black shouldn't make such close extensions from his 4-4 stone.]))
(;B[od]SQ[gc][dd][od][dj]C[This would be a great move for Black because it creates the 'double-wing' formation; White could prevent this by making a shimari in the top right (which is a big move for White too).]))
(;B[bp]C[I might play here: White is floating and has no base; Black is attacking and making territory.  There's no good extension for White on the left side, so he would be forced to jump out (maybe at G6), and Black wouldn't be unhappy with that.]))
(;W[bp]
;B[cq]
;W[cl]C[White is settled.])
(;W[cq]
;B[cp]
;W[bp]
;B[bo]
;W[bq]
;B[co]
;W[er]
;B[dn]C[This way White gets the corner and Black gets a wall with an extension (D10) in place.]))
(;B[co]C[More severe (it makes White heavy, so he can't invade the corner yet)]
;W[dn]
;B[fp]
;W[dl]
;B[ck]
;W[gm]C[This is a simple way for White to escape.  Black will profit from the attack, though.]))
(;W[fq]LB[dn:A][hq:B]C[Black could choose A or B here.]
;B[dn]
;W[dr]LB[gc:5][dd:1][qd:4][dj:7][pj:6][dn:9][dp:3][pp:2][fq:8][dr:10]C[Black wouldn't necessarily have to respond here, as the D10 stone is already providing support; he could tenuki and approach R16.]))
(;B[od]
;W[oc]LB[nc:A][pd:B]C[Black could choose A or B here.]
;B[nc]
;W[pc]
;B[nd]
;W[qf]
;B[jd]))
